Word meaning:
Have to: पड़ेगा, learn: सीखना, Know: जानना, Getting on: सवार होना, Band: पट्टा, Wagon: समान ढोने की गाड़ी, Listen: सुनना, Filter: छानना, Hears: सुनता है, Screen of truth: सत्य का पर्दा, Comes: आता है, through:के माध्यम से, Sad: उदास, Shame: शर्म, tears: आँसु, Scoff : उपहास करना, Cynics: शक्की लोग, Beware : सावधान, too: अत्यधिक, Sweetness: मिठास, Brawn:सुवर का माँस, Brain:दिमाग, Highest:सबसे ऊँचा, Bidders:आदेश देने वाला, Never:कभी नहीं, put : रखना, price tag: मूल्य का लेवल, Heart and soul: दिल और दिमाग से, close: बंद करना, Ear: कान, Howling: जानवरों की आवाज़ निकलना, Mob : भीड़, stand: खड़ा होना, fight:लड़ना, think: सोचना, treat:व्यवहार करना, gently: भद्रता से, Because:क्योंकि, Cuddleबाँहों मे लेकर प्यार करना, fine: अच्छा, Courage: साहस, to be:होना, Impatient: अधीर, patience: धैर्य, Brave : बहादुर, always: हमेशा, sublime: श्रेष्ठ, order: आदेश, fellow: साथी, Mankind: मानवता, मानव जाति.
A. Answer the following questions orally :
1. What do you know about Abraham Lincon, the Famous President of America ?
Ans. Abraham Lincoln led his country successfully when it was suffering from the greatest internal crisis, the American civil war. He introduced measures that resulted in the abolution of slavery, insuing his Emancipation proclamation in 1863 and promoting the passage of the thirteen amendment to the constitution.
2. Has your father ever written any letter to your teacher?
Ans. No, my father never wrote any letter to my teacher.
3. Can you imagine how much your father is worried for your future?
Ans. My father is very much worried for my future. He facilitate me from all sides so that I can do good in my
class. He buys costly books of iminent writes in every subject
for me.
B.1. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statement:
1. It is a leter written by a father to his son.
2. All men are not just and true.
3. A doller earned is of far more value than five pund.
4. One should be taught to mourn over losing.
5. One should be taught to fail rather than to cheat.
Ans.
1. F
2. Τ.
3. T
4. F
5.T
B.2. Complete the sentences on the basis of your reading of the poem.
1. Teach him to sell his and brain to the highest
2. Teach him to be with gentle people.
3. Teach him to at cynics.
4. Teach him it is far ........... to fail than to
5. Let him learn early that the bullies are the easiest
6. Teach him the .......... of books.
7. He should be given quiet time to ponder the mystery of birds in the sky.
8. One should have sublime faith in mankind. in himself to have
Ans. 1. brawn, 2. gentle, 3. scoff, 4. honourable, cheat, 5. lick, 6. wonders, 7. eternal, 8. faith.
C.1. Long Answer Type Questions
1. Why did Abraham Lincolnwrite a letter to his son's teacher?
Ans. Abraham Lincoln in wrote a letter to his son's teacher to ensure quality education to his son so that he develops into a noble man and a good citizen of the country. That is why he elaborates on the qualities he wishes to be inculeated in his son.
2. What does Lincoln mean by saying that "for every scoundrel there is a hero; that for every selfish Politician, there is a dedicated leader....."
Ans. When Lincoln says that "for every scoundereo there is a hero; that for every selfish Politician, there is a dedicated leader....", he means to say that there is always two facets of the same coin. We should not make our opinion on the basis of one facet only. We should be open in our heart and mind to accept individual thing at its merit not because of some preconceived bias.
3. A child should be treated gently but not cuddled Do you agree? Give your opinion.
Ans. A child should be treated gently but not cuddled. This is a very important principle. A child definitely needs an environment of love to learn. But at the same time he also needs to stick to discipline without which he will not go ahead. So, one has to bacareful in bestowing love. One has to be strict with the child if the need be. Excess of love my spoil his prospects in life and make him handicapped. Besides, as Lincoln righty points out that only the test of fire makes fine steel, a child needs to be exposed to the prevailing situation around him.
4. "All men are not just, all men are not true." Comment on this statement.
Ans. "All men are not just, all men are not true." By this statement, Lincoln mean to say that child should be made aware of the realities. It is no good teaching him only the ideal things or situations. He should also be made aware of the crookedness prevailing around him. Only then he will prepare himself to deal with such things or situations.
5. Why do you think Lincoln wants his son to steer away from envy and learn the secret of quiet lauther ?
Ans. Lincoln wants his son to steer away from envy and learn the secret of quiet laughter because he knows that envy is a negative trait and it does not help the man to grow or prosper. Hence, it is better to steer away from envy. Again, quiet laughter is a very positive trait. A man who remains amused all the time, can takcle with an situation. To enjoywinning is very good but one should not be over elated or indulge in too much display of it. It is good to relish it secretly.
6. Why does Lincoln not want his son to follow the crowd when everyone is getting on the band wagon ?
Ans. Lincoln wants his son to grow as an independent and responsible person. He should have his own distinct identity. This can be possible only when you are able to do something or achieve something which others have not done so far. This also entalis than he should be a leader rather that a fallower. That is why Lincoln does not want his son to follow the crowd when everyone is gentting on the band wagon.
7. What qualities did Lincoln want his son's teacher to teach him?
Ans. Lincoln wants his son's teacher to teach him several qualities that will help him have his own individuality and be an independent and responsible citizen. His son's teacher should teach his son that life consists in variety. There are both good people and bad people, just and unjust, scoundrel and here, selfish and dedicated etc. If there is an enemy there must also be a friend. Whatever one earns is more valuable than any ather wealth. He should learn to lose and enjoy winning. He should be steered away from envy and be taught the secret of quiet laughter. He should not remain book-centric but should be able to link his knowledge with his immediate surroundings. He should shun cheating even if it means failure. He must have faith in his own ideas and be gentle with gentle people and tough with the tough. He should have leadership qualities, he should listen to all but must use his won discretion. He should learn to laugh out his sadness and scoff at cynics. He should not be ashamed of shedding tears if the need be. He must believe in his own judgement.
C.2. Group Discussion
1. The present system of education is at variance with the learners experience.
Ans. The present system of education is a practical learning. The students learn through practical experience.
C.3. Composition
1. Imagine your brother/sister studies at class V. You find some problem with him/her. Write a letter to his/her teacher drawing his attention to the problems.
D. Word Study
D.1. Correct the spelling of the following words :
pander
envi
mistry
braon
mab
paitense
Ans. ponder envy mystery baron mob patience
D.2. Write the synonyms of the following words:
big
enemy
enjoy
wonder
howl
Ans. big-large, huge, great
enemy-foe, opponent, rival;
enjoy-like, have, take pleasure in
wonder-marvel, speculate, doubt
howl-cry, wail, scream
E. Grammar
1. Teach him to sell his brawn and brain to the highest bidders but never to put a price-tag on his heart and soul.
2. Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob and to stand and fight if he thinks he's right.
Here, 'on' in the first example is used to establish relation between the words 'price-tag' and 'his heart and soul.'
The word 'to' also establishes relation between 'his ears' and 'a howling mob'.
Such words, ued to established relation between a Noun or Pronoun and other words in a sentence is called a 'Preposition.'
Thorelationship may be based on time, place, position or direction etc. 'Above', 'under', 'below' etc. are the Preposition of Place or position, 'towards', 'to' from etc. are the Prepositions of direction', 'on', 'at', 'untill' etc. are the Preposition of time.
Can you find out other Prepositions from this lesson? Also mention their types and the words these Prepositions relate together.
Ans. There are several. Read the lesson carefully.
F. Activity
Q. 1. Do a project work on the Gurukul, the ancient system of education in India.
Ans. In ancient India the children used to go to Gurukul where usually saints or priests used to teach them. They also taught the students how to save their lives. They trained them to fight for themselves and for their country.
G. Translation
Translate the following sentences in to English :
1. तुम्हें अंग्रेजी सीखना होगा ।
2. सरकार को अंग्रेजी अनिवार्य करनी होगी ।
3. रोजगार के लिए अंग्रेजी पढ़नी होगी ।
4. सभी लोग दयालु नहीं होते ।
5. सभी बदमाश में एक नायक होता है।
6. बुराई में अच्छाई भी होती है ।
7. प्रत्येक दुश्मन में एक दोस्त होता है ।
8. उसे आराम से अंग्रेजी सीखने दें।
9. अगर पढ़ा सकते हैं तो किताब के महत्त्व के बारे में बतावें ।
10. मेरे भाई को अंग्रेजी सीखने की कोशिश करने दें।
Ans. 1. You will have to learn English.
2. The government will have to make English compulsory.
3. English will have to be studied for employment.
4. All people are not kind.
5. There is a hero within all scoundrels.
6. In every evil there lies a goodness as well.
7. There is a friend within every foe.
8. Let him learn English comfortably.
9. If you can teach, tell him the value of books.
10. Let my brother try to learn English.
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