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11. A MARRIAGE PROPOSAL ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND LESSON CLSS-12TH

 ANTON CHEKHOV (1860-1904), dramatist and short story writer of Russia, was a doctor by profession. एंटन चेखव (1860-1904) रूस के प्रसिद्ध नाटककार और लघुकथा लेखक थे, वे पेशे से एक डॉक्टर थे। He began his literary career, by writing comic sketches. उन्होंने अपने साहित्यिक जीवन की शुरुआत हास्य-व्यंग्यात्मक रचनाएँ लिखकर की। He lived in Russia during the rule of the czars, or emperors. वे रूस में जारों (सम्राटों) के शासनकाल के दौरान रहे।

His works present an accurate picture of the Russia of his day. They also explore the depths of human emotion. उनकी रचनाएँ उनके समय के रूस का सटीक चित्र प्रस्तुत करती हैं। साथ ही, वे मानव भावनाओं की गहराइयों का भी अन्वेषण करती हैं। Chekhov introduced to the stage the realistic problems of common people. चेखव ने रंगमंच पर आम लोगों की वास्तविक समस्याओं को प्रस्तुत किया। His works often show a comic attitude towards the behaviour expected from the elite of that time. उनकी रचनाओं में उस समय के उच्च वर्ग (अभिजात वर्ग) से अपेक्षित व्यवहार के प्रति एक हास्यपूर्ण दृष्टिकोण दिखाई देता है।

Even his saddest plays contain humour. उनके सबसे दुखद नाटकों में भी हास्य का समावेश मिलता है। His come are based on recognizable human weaknesses. उनकी हास्य रचनाएँ मानवीय कमजोरियों पर आधारित हैं। Hence, they portray human life in a sensitive way. इसी कारण वे मानव जीवन को अत्यंत संवेदनशील ढंग से चित्रित करती हैं।

 

His important works include Uncle Vanya(1900), The Three Sisters (1901), and The Cherry Orchard (1904). उनकी प्रमुख कृतियों में अंकल वान्या (1900), द थ्री सिस्टर्स (1901) और द चेरी ऑर्चर्ड (1904) शामिल हैं। He had a considerable influence on twentieth century drama. बीसवीं शताब्दी के नाटक साहित्य पर उनका गहरा प्रभाव पड़ा। George Bernard Shaw paid tribute to him in Heartbreak House (1919). प्रसिद्ध नाटककार जॉर्ज बर्नार्ड शॉ ने अपने नाटक हार्टब्रेक हाउस (1919) में उन्हें श्रद्धांजलि दी। The present comedy 'A Marriage Proposal’ presents characters who cause their own discomfort. प्रस्तुत हास्य नाटक ‘ए मैरिज प्रपोजल’ (A Marriage Proposal) ऐसे पात्रों को प्रस्तुत करता है, जो अपनी ही हरकतों के कारण स्वयं को असुविधा और परेशानी में डाल लेते हैं।

The Eagle and the Wood cutter

 There lived a kind woodcutter in a village. He once freed an eagle from a trap. One day he went to the hills to cut trees for wood. The hill was steep, so the woodcutter could not come down and needed help.







Upset, he sat down on the rock and waited for some help. Suddenly, an eagle flew down close to him and took away his hat. The woodcutter was angry and he started chasing the bird. After some time, he realized he has found the way down the hill.


It then occurred to him that the bird was the same eagle he had once rescued. He now understood why the eagle flew away with his hat. He thanked the eagle for its brilliant idea and said, "You took away my hat so that I can follow you and reach here. You are my true friend. Thank you!"


Moral: Kindness is always rewarded. We should always help others selflessly.