(E) EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES
ऐसे वाक्यों में प्रसन्नता (Joy), शोक (Sorrow) या आश्चर्य (Surprise) आदि प्रकट किया जाता है।
Rule
1. Interjections (विस्मयादिबोधक शब्द) को समाप्त कर देते
हैं क्योंकि इनके भाव तो Reporting Verb से स्पष्ट हो जाते हैं। Interjection Hurrah से joy,
Alas से sorrow, What a तथा How
से surprise तथा Bravo
से approval प्रकट होता है।
Rule 2. Inverted Commas को that
में बदल देते
हैं।
Rule 3. Note of exclamation (!) के बदले Full Stop (.) का प्रयोग करते हैं अर्थात् Exclamatory Sentence को Assertive
Sentence में बदल देते हैं।
Rule 4. Person और Tense
का परिवर्तन Assertive Sentence की तरह होता है।
Rule 5. Reporting Verb said के स्थान पर आशय के अनुसार निम्न
परिवर्तन करने चाहिए:-
(a) यदि प्रसन्नता प्रकट की गई है, तो exclaimed
with joy का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे-exclaimed
with delight आदि.
Direct : He said, "Hurrah! My old friend has
come."
Indirect : He exclaimed with delight
that his old friend had come.
(b) यदि शोक प्रकट किया गया हो तो exclaimed with sorrow या exclaimed
with grief आदि का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे-
Direct :
He said, "Alas! I am ruined."
Indirect : He exclaimed with sorrow
that he was ruined.
(c)
यदि वाक्य में
किसी की प्रशंसा की गई है तो praised
applauded आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग करते हैं। जैसे-
Direct :-
He said to us, "Bravo! You have done well."
Indirect: He applauded us saying that we had done well
(d)
Exclamatory Sentences जब What
a या How से आरम्भ हों तो इनके द्वारा अधिकता
प्रकट होती है। ऐसी दशा में इन शब्दों के स्थान
पर very या green
आदि शब्द लगा
देते हैं। What a या How
के बाद यदि Noun आता है तो उसे (What a या How
को) great में बदलते हैं परन्तु उसके बाद Adjective आने पर उसे Very
में बदलते हैं।
इस प्रकार के वाक्यों में Reporting Verb said को exclaimed
में बदल देते
हैं। जैसे-
1. Direct :- Ram said to me, "How
fast you are walking!"
Indirect :- Ram exclaimed that I was walking very fast.
2. Direct :- He said, "What a fool I am!"
Indirect :- He exclaimed that he was a great fool.
(e)
यदि वाक्य में Good Heavens का प्रयोग हो तो Reporting Verb को exclaimed
with surprise में बदल देते हैं। जैसे-
Direct
:- "Good Heavens! I have dropped my key
somewhere," he said.
Indirect - He exclaimed with surprise
that he had dropped his key somewhere.
EXERCISE
5
Change into Indirect Speech:
1.
The student said, "Alas! My friend
is dead."
2.
He said, "Alas! I am ruined."
3.
The boys said, "Hurrah! We shall
have a jolly holiday tomorrow."
4.
They said, "What a nice flower it
is!"
5.
Sita said, "Alas! My house is on
fire."
6.
The teacher said, "What a naughty
boy you are!"
7.
He said, "Hurrah! I have passed
the examination."
8.
We said, "What a pleasant sight it
is!"
9.
The captain said to the players,
"Bravo! well done."
10.
He said, "How dangerous it
is!"
11.
The old man said, "Good Heavens! The
hut has caught fire."
12.
They said, "What a fall it
was!"
13.
The boys said. "Oh! We have won
the match."
14.
She said, "What a pity it
is!"
15.
The girl said. "What a fine picnic
it has been!”
16.
The soldiers said, "Bravo! We have
won."
17.
He said. "Curse it! Who could have
expected such a turn of events,"
18.
"How pretty you are!" said
the fox to the crow.
19.
The teacher said to me.
"Congratulations! You have stood first in the class
20.
The boys said. "Hurrah! We have a
holiday."
21.
"Curse it!" exclaimed the
driver, "who could have foreseen such ill luck?"