The School Boy
William Blake की कविता "The School Boy" जो कक्षा 8 की NCERT पुस्तक Honeydew में शामिल है। यह कविता एक बच्चे की भावनाओं को दर्शाती है जो स्कूल की कठोरता से दुखी है और प्रकृति की स्वतंत्रता को पसंद करता है।
The School Boy – Line by Line Explanation
in Hindi
Stanza -1
I love to rise in a summer morn,
When the birds
sing on every tree;
The distant
huntsman winds his horn,
And the skylark
sings with me.
O! what sweet
company.
व्याख्या:
कवि कहता है कि उसे गर्मियों की सुबह उठना
बहुत पसंद है। हर पेड़ पर पक्षी चहचहा रहे हैं। दूर कहीं शिकारी अपने सींग बजा रहा
है और स्काईलार्क (एक पक्षी) उसके साथ गा रही है। यह सब उसे बहुत प्यारा और
आनंददायक लगता है।
Q1. What does ‘rise’ in the first line mean?
Ans. It means to wake up.
Q2. What season is the poem talking of?
Ans. Summer season.
Q3. Which bird has been mentioned?
Ans. Skylark
Q4. Who gives the poet company?
Ans. The Skylark bird.
Q5. Who winds his horn?
Ans. The huntsman
Stanza 2
But to go to school in a summer morn,
O! it drives all
joy away;
Under a cruel
eye outworn,
The little ones
spend the day,
In sighing and
dismay.
व्याख्या:
लेकिन
गर्मियों की ऐसी सुंदर सुबह में स्कूल जाना सारी खुशी छीन लेता है। स्कूल में एक
कठोर शिक्षक की निगरानी में बच्चे दिन भर उदासी और निराशा में बिताते हैं।
Q1. What drives the joy away?
Ans. Going to school on a summer morning drives all
joy away.
Q2. Who are the little ones?
Ans. School-going children.
Q3. Why do the kids sigh?
Ans. They sigh because they do not want to go to
school.
Q4. What is the rhyme scheme?
Ans. ABABB
Q5. The little ones spend the day _____ (in
sadness / at school)
Ans. in sadness
Stanza 3
Ah! then at times I drooping sit,
And spend many
an anxious hour.
Nor in my book
can I take delight,
Nor sit in
learning’s bower,
Worn thro’ with
the dreary shower.
व्याख्या:
कभी-कभी
मैं थका-हारा बैठा रहता हूँ और चिंतित मन से समय बिताता हूँ। मुझे अपनी किताबों
में कोई आनंद नहीं मिलता और न ही पढ़ाई की जगह में बैठना अच्छा लगता है। यह सब
बहुत उबाऊ और थकाने वाला लगता है।
Q1. How does the poet sit at times?
Ans. He droops
Q2. What does he feel?
Ans. He feels anxiety.
Q3. Does the book make him happy?
Ans. No, he says that he does not get happiness
from the book.
Q4. What is the learning’s bower?
Ans. It is the shady area under a tree where one can
sit in peace and study.
Q5. Why is the bower worn?
Ans. It is worn due to the rain.
Stanza 4
How can the bird that is born for joy,
Sit in a cage
and sing.
How can a child
when fears annoy,
But droop his
tender wing,
And forget his
youthful spring.
व्याख्या:
जैसे
एक पक्षी जो खुशी के लिए जन्मा है, वह पिंजरे में बैठकर
कैसे गा सकता है? वैसे ही एक बच्चा जो डर और दबाव में है,
वह कैसे अपने पंख फैला सकता है और अपने बचपन की खुशी को याद रख
सकता है?
Q1. What are the two phases of the bird?
Ans. One is the free bird and the other is in the
cage.
Q2. What annoys the child?
Ans. Fears annoy the child.
Q3. Can the bird sing in the cage?
Ans. No, it is not joyous in the cage. So, it cannot
sing there.
Q4. What does the child do in fear?
Ans. He droops his arms and forgets his youthful time.
Q5. Does ‘spring’ refer to the season?
Ans. No, it refers to
the youth of one’s life.
Stanza 5
O! Father and Mother, if buds are nip’d,
And blossoms
blown away,
And if the
tender plants are strip’d
Of their joy in
the springing day,
By sorrow and
cares dismay,
व्याख्या:
हे
माता-पिता! यदि कलियों को तोड़ दिया जाए और फूलों को उड़ा दिया जाए,
और कोमल पौधों से उनकी वसंत की खुशी छीन ली जाए,
तो वे दुख और चिंता से भर जाएंगे।
Stanza 6
How shall the summer arise in joy,
Or the summer
fruits appear?
व्याख्या:
यदि
बचपन की वसंत ऋतु को दुखी बना दिया जाए, तो आगे की गर्मियों
में खुशी कैसे आएगी? और जीवन के फल कैसे प्राप्त होंगे?
यह कविता बच्चों की स्वतंत्रता,
प्राकृतिक आनंद, और शिक्षा की कठोरता के बीच के संघर्ष को दर्शाती है।
Working
with the Poem
1. Find three or four words/phrases in stanza 1 that reflect the
child’s happiness and joy.
Ans. The words and
phrases that reflect the child’s happiness and joy are “I love to rise in a
summer morn”, the skylark sings with me” and “O! What sweet company”.
2. In stanza 2, the mood changes. Which words/phrases reflect the
changed mood?
Ans. The words
or phrases that reflect the change of mood and tone in stanza 2 are “drives all
joy away”, “cruel eye outworn” and “In sighing and dismay.”
3. ‘A cruel eye outworn’ (stanza 2) refers to
(i) The classroom which is shabby/noisy.
(ii) The lessons which are difficult/uninteresting.
(iii) The dull/uninspiring life at school with lots of work and no play. Mark the answer that you consider right.
Ans. (iii) the dull/uninspiring
life at school with lots of work and no play.
4. ‘Nor sit in learning’s bower worn thro’
with the dreary shower’ Which of the following is a close paraphrase of the
lines above?
(i) Nor can I sit in a roofless classroom when it
is raining.
(ii) Nor can I learn anything at school though teachers go on lecturing and
explaining.
(iii) Nor can I sit in the school garden for fear of getting wet in the rain.
Ans. (ii) Nor can I learn
anything at school though teachers go on lecturing and explaining.
Read the following extract and answer the
questions that follow-
Answer the following questions-
Q1. What figure of speech is used in the
following lines-
O! Father and Mother, if buds are nip’d,
And blossoms blown away
Ans. Alliteration is
used in ‘blossoms blown’. Both words start with the same consonant sound ‘b’.
Q2. What question does the poet ask in the last stanza?
Ans. On behalf of the
school boy, the poet asks the parents that if the children’s growth is checked
then how will they blossom and give results when they grow.
Q3. What does ‘nipped’ mean?
Ans. It means to check the growth of
something.
Q4. To whom does the school boy compare himself to?
Ans. He compares himself to the bird in
the cage and the withered plant that is nipped.
Q5. Why are the plants tender?
Ans. They are growing and in that stage, their stems are soft.