Summary: Idea That Have Helped Mankind

 Complete बिहार बोर्ड 12th  English Solution 

1. Line by Line Hindi of This lesson, 
2. All Word Meanings,
3.  All questions & Answers, and
4. Summary - Very easy, Line by Line English and Hindi.

Summary: 

'Ideas that have helped mankind' is an essay written by a British philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russel.

 In this essay, he has depicted the ideas which help mankind in becoming civilized and superior to animals. 

Man has intellectual and moral qualities which separate the human beings from animals.

 Some inventions of mankind helped human being to be civilized. 

For example the invention of fire is supposed to be a mile stone in the march of civilization. 

Man began to keep pet animals with themselves. 

The domestication of such animals helps man in many ways. 

The invention of language, the idea how to write and the invention of printing press made man elevated from wild state to his present civilized state.

 It is civilization which gave idea to live in a family.

 It also gave some norms to the society to lead moral life. 

Civilization taught us to be more friendly towards one another. 

On the other hand man has some drawbacks too which are not found in animals for instance emotions. 

It is emotion which snatch mental peace of human being but other moral and intellectual qualities help mankind to be happier and more peaceful.

English Summary: Ideas That Have Helped Mankind | Bertrand Russell – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir 

‘Ideas That Have Helped Mankind’ is an essay written by British philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russell.

In this essay, he has depicted ideas that have helped mankind become civilized and superior to animals.

Humans have intellectual abilities and moral qualities that make humans different from animals.

Some of mankind’s inventions helped humans to become civilized.

For example, the discovery of fire is considered a milestone in the race for civilization.

Man started keeping domesticated animals with him.

The domestication of such animals helped humans in many ways.

The idea of ​​discovering and writing language elevated man from a wild creature to its present civilized state.

Civilization gave the idea of ​​living in a family.

It also gave the society some criteria to live a moral life.

Civilization taught us to be friendly with each other.

On the other hand, there are some defects in humans that are not found in animals, for example, emotions.

Emotions take away the mental peace of man, but other moral and intellectual qualities help human beings to be happier and calmer.

Ultimately, the invention of the printing press changed the whole picture of civilization. This led to the more rapid dissemination of information and accelerated the journey towards the civilization of mankind.