Complete बिहार बोर्ड 12th English Solution
- Line by Line Hindi of This lesson,
- All Word Meanings,
- All questions & Answers, and
- Summary - Very easy, Line by Line English and Hindi.
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
B.1.1 Read the following sentences and write T for true and F for false statements.
i) Press is free everywhere. - False
ii) There is no internal censorship on the press. - False
iii) Proprietors have their personal interests as well - True
iv) Advertisers contribute to the revenue of the newspaper - True
How Free is the Press: Dorothy L. Sayers
B.1.2 Answer the following questions briefly:
Q.1 What do free 'people' take for granted?
Ans. – Without a free press there can be no free people is a thing that all free people take for granted.
Q.2 Are there restrictions on press in time of war?
Ans. - Yes. There are restrictions on press in time of war.
Q.3 What do you mean by the term "free press"?
Ans. - "Free Press" means where opinions are expressed on any particular issue not manufactured or being influenced by vested interests of advertisers or government or their proprietors.
Q.4 - Who Is the master- the state or the people?
Ans. – In a democracy, the sovereignty of a state lies in the people. So people are the ultimate master of the system.
Q.5 - What does the unofficial censorship seek to do?
Ans. – Any unofficial censorship seeks to manufacture opinions instead of expressing it neutrally. If there is something that can harm the advertiser’s reputation, the press crops it away.
Q.6 Name two sources of revenue newspapers usually survive on.
Ans. - The first source of revenue for ay newspaper is its advertisers. And another source of revenue is the wealth of the man or company that owns it.
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
B.2.1 Complete following sentences on the basis of the unit you have just studied:
(a) Accurate reporting has given place to reporting which is at least slipshod and at worst tendentious because it is assumed that readers can be made to believe anything.
(b) Sensational headliness, false exphasis and supposition of context are some of the ways to distort facts and opinions.
(c) Garbling is the special accomplishment of the press interviewer.
(d) The date in the newspaper report had to be changed to conceal the fact that the news was already old.
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
B.2.2 Answer the following questions briefly:
Q.1 - What are the two basic assumptions about the public?
Ans. – Two basic assumptions about public on which the control and censorship of newspaper lies are – (a) that they have not the wit to distinguish truth from falsehood (b) that they do not care at all that astatement is false, provided it is titillating.
Q.2 What is the supposition of context?
Ans. Sometimes press professionals believe that the readers can be made to believe anykind of interpretation and they distort the statements and opinions of public figures, this is called supposition of context.
Q.3 Name two things that make the reports unreliable reading?
Ans. – Inaccurate reporting of facts and Garbling are two things that make the reports unreliable reading.
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
B.3.1 Read following sentences and write 'T' for true and "F" for false statements:
i) The author was very fond of gardening and keeping cats- False
ii) The author had delivered 20000 words in the space of an hour and a quarter - False
iii) To misrepresent a man's attitude and opinion is no offence - True
iv) To get misleading statements corrected is very easy. False
v) Any public person is subtly made to feel that if he offends the press he will suffer for it. - True
vi) The press can make or break reputation. - True
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
B.3.2 Answer the following question briefly:
Q.1 - Why do books rarely criticize the press?
Ans. – Press can make or break once reputation very easily. It has subtly made to feel public persons that if they offend it, they will suffer for it. So no one dares to criticize the press.
Q.2 - How do the newspapers greet the slightest effort to hinder the irresponsible dissemination of nonsense?
Ans. – Even the slightest effort to hinder the irresponsible dissemination of nonsense, may have any of these fates – (a) ignored
(b) printed in full or part, accompanied by an editorial comment to the effect that the words reported were actually said, and that the speaker must not expect to monopolise the whole of the paper’s valuable space;
(c) answered privately by the editor – a manoeuvre that does nothing to correct the false impression left in the public mind.
Q.3 - Name the seven charges the author makes against the press?
Ans. – The seven charges that author makes against the press are-
(i) Undue or false emphasis
(ii). Garbling
(iii) Inaccuracy
(iv) Reversal of the fact
(v) Miracle-Mongering
(vi) Random Invention and
(vii) Flatsuppression
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
1. Who is the author of ‘How Free is the Press’? - Dorothy Leigh Sayers
2. When was Dorothy L. Sayers born? - 1893
3. When was Dorothy L. Sayers died? - 1957 .
4. Where was Dorothy L. Sayers educated? - Somerville college, Oxford
5. What is the theme of the essay ‘How Free is the Press’ - Freedom of the Press
6. Without a free _______ there can be no free people. - Press
7. How many chief factors control the editorial policy of any popular daily newspaper? - Two chief factors
8. From whom any newspaper gets money to maintain its large circulation? - Advertisers
9. What is the second chief source of revenue for any newspaper? - The wealth of the man or company that owns it
10. The news in any newspaper is generally - - Manipulated / somewhat changed
11. Any widely circulated newspaper dares not to support any public policy due to vested interest of - - Advertisers
12. How many examples of the various ways have been given by Dorothy L. Sayers by which facts and opinions can be distorted? - Six Examples
13. If a big circulation of newspaper depends on its sales only, it can lead it to
- - Bankruptcy
14. In democracy, __________ of press is compulsory. - Freedom
15. Freedom of Press is restricted only during - - War
16. According to Dorothy L. Sayers, state is the _______ of the people. - Servant
17. The heaviest restriction upon the freedom of public opinion is not the official censorship of the Press, but the ____________ by the Press. - Unofficial censorship
18. Instead of expressing opinions, now a day Press _______ it. - Maufacture
19. According to Sayers, what is the special accomplishment of the Press interviewer? - Garbling
20. The Press reported inaccurate fact that she was at Oxford, where was the Author actually, when thieves broke into her house
:- King’s Garden Party
How Free is The Press | Dorothy L. Sayers – Bihar Board 12th | 100 Marks English | by Sunil Sir
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